The WALA Plant Library
Norway Spruce

Synonyms for Norway Spruce: Spruce Fir
Scientific Name: Picea abies L.
Family: Conifers (Coniferae)

Description:

The spruce we know today are monotonous, oppressive forests of closely packed "poles". This plantation forestry is currently practiced on 36 % of Germany's wooded area. Whereas in the past Norway spruce was only found in a few specific areas in Central Europe, today it is cultivated on an industrial scale because of its rapid growth and undemanding nature. On the ground beneath such closely packed trees there is usually practically no other plant growth. The constantly falling needles decay only very slowly and acidify the soil. Together with the lack of light under the trees, these living conditions are unsuitable for most other plants. Such monocultures are also sensitive to environmental influences. In heavy storms the shallow-rooted trees offer practically no resistance to the wind and are blown down in large numbers. The cultivated spruce forests are also susceptible to massive attack by pests.

How different are the coniferous forests in our high mountain regions! The mighty giants exude a resinous, incense-like perfume and, with their imposing crowns, give the impression of a vast cathedral vault between which the sun sends its rays down to the earth. In the natural habitats in the low and high mountain ranges we find majestic spruces that can grow to a height of up to 50 meters. With their outstretched branches, hung with long beard lichens, they present an impressive appearance.